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      Birth Injury 

      What is a birth injury?

      Occasionally during the birth process, the baby may suffer a physical injury that is simply the result of being born. This is sometimes called birth trauma or birth injury.

      What causes birth injury?

      Birth injuries are more common when:

      • The baby is large

      • The baby is not head-first in the birth canal

      • The baby is born prematurely or too early

      • The size or shape of the mother's pelvis or birth canal makes it difficult for a normal vaginal birth

      • Labor is difficult or very long. An example of this is when contractions aren't strong enough to move the baby through the birth canal.

      • The mother is very overweight

      • There is a cesarean delivery

      • Devices, like vacuum or forceps, are used to deliver the baby

      What are some of the more common birth injuries?

      The following are common birth injuries:

      • Swelling or bruising of the head

      • Bleeding underneath one of the cranial bones.

      • Breakage of small blood vessels in the eyes of a baby

      • Facial nerve injury caused by pressure on the baby's face

      • Injury to the group of nerves that supplies the arms and hands 

      • Fracture of the clavicle or collarbone

      Related Topics

      • Neurological Exam for Children
      • Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
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