First-Degree Burns (Superficial)

What is a superficial first-degree burn?

Superficial first-degree burns affect only the epidermis, or outer layer of skin. The burn site is red, painful, dry, and with no blisters. Mild sunburn is an example. Long-term tissue damage is rare and usually consists of an increase or decrease in the skin color.

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What causes a superficial first-degree burn?

In most cases,superficial first-degree burns are caused by the following:

• Mild sunburn

• Flash burn -- a sudden, brief burst of heat

What are the symptoms of a superficial first-degree burn?

The following are the most common signs and symptoms of a superficial first-degree burn. However, each child may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include:

• Redness

• Dry skin

• Skin that is painful to touch

• Pain usually lasts 48 to 72 hours and then subsides

• Peeling skin

The symptoms of a first-degree burn may resemble other conditions or medical problems. Consult your child's doctor for a diagnosis.

Treatment for superficial first-degree burns

Specific treatment for a superficial first-degree burn will be determined by your child's doctor, based on the following:

• Your child's age, overall health, and medical history

• Extent of the burn

• Location of the burn

• Cause of the burn

• Your child's tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies

• Your opinion or preference

Superficial first-degree burns usually heal on their own within a week. Treatment may depend on the severity of the burn and may include the following:

• Cold compresses

• Lotion or ointments

• Acetaminophen or ibuprofen 

Superficial first-degree burns are usually not bandaged. Consult your child's doctor for additional treatment for first-degree burns.