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      COVID-2019 Alert

      Information about the 2019 Novel Coronavirus. Read the latest >

      Información sobre el coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Aprenda más >

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      Prevention Guidelines for Women 40–49

      A screening test is done to find possible health problems or diseases in people who don't have any symptoms. The goal is to find a disease early so lifestyle changes can be made and you can be watched more closely to lower the risk of disease, or to find it early enough to treat it most effectively. Screening tests are not diagnostic. But they are used to find out if more testing is needed. Health counseling is vital, too. This plan does not include recommendations for pregnancy. You and your healthcare provider may decide that a different schedule is best for you. But this plan can guide your discussion.

      Screening

      Who needs it

      How often

      Type 2 diabetes or prediabetes

      All adults starting at age 45 and adults with no symptoms at any age who are overweight or obese and have 1 or more additional risk factors for diabetes

      At least every 3 years

      Alcohol misuse

      All adults

      At routine exams

      Blood pressure

      All adults

      Yearly checkup if your blood pressure is normal.

       

      Normal blood pressure is less than 120/80 mmHg.1

       

      If your blood pressure reading is higher than normal, follow the advice of your healthcare provider.

       

      Breast cancer

      All women 2

      Screening with a mammogram every year is an option starting at age 40. Talk to your healthcare provider regarding your recommended frequency depending on your risk factors.

      Cervical cancer

      All women, except those who had a hysterectomy (with removal of the cervix) for reasons not related to cervical cancer and no history of cervical cancer or serious precancer

      Women between the ages of 30 and 65 should have a Pap test plus an HPV test (called "co-testing") every 5 years. This is the preferred approach. But it is also acceptable to continue to have Pap tests alone every 3 years.

      Colorectal cancer

      Women of average risk ages 45 years and older

      Several tests are available and used at different times.

      Tests include:

      • Flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years, or

      • CT colonography (virtual colonoscopy) every 5 years, or

      • Colonoscopy every 10 years, or

      • Yearly fecal occult blood test, or

      • Yearly fecal immunochemical test every year, or

      • Stool DNA test, every 3 years

      You will need a follow-up colonoscopy if you choose any test other than a colonoscopy and you have an abnormal result. Screening recommendations vary among expert groups. Talk with your doctor about which test is best for you.

      Some people should be screened using a different schedule because of their personal or family history. Talk with your doctor about your health history and what colorectal cancer screening schedule is best for you.

      Chlamydia

      Women at a higher risk for infection

      At routine exams if at risk

      Depression

      All adults in clinical practices that have staff and systems in place to assure accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and follow-up

      At routine exams

      Gonorrhea

      Sexually active women at a higher risk for infection

      At routine exams if at risk

      Hepatitis C

      Adults at a higher risk; 1 time for those born between 1945 and 1965

      At routine exams if at risk

      HIV

      All women

      At routine exams

      Lipid disorders

      All women age 45 and older at a higher risk for coronary artery disease

      For women ages 19 to 44, screening should be based on risk factors; talk with your healthcare provider

      At least every 5 years

      Obesity

      All adults

      At routine checkups

      Syphilis

      Women at a higher risk for infection

      At routine exams if at risk

      Tuberculosis

      Adults at a higher risk for infection

      Check with your healthcare provider.

      Vision

      All adults3

      Baseline comprehensive exam at age 40; if you have a chronic disease, check with your healthcare provider for exam frequency.

      Counseling

      Who needs it

      How often

      Breast cancer, chemoprevention

      Women at high risk

      When risk is identified

      BRCA mutation testing for breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility

      Women with a higher risk

      When risk is identified

      Diet and exercise

      Adults who are overweight or obese

      When diagnosed and at routine exams

      Domestic violence

      Women of child-bearing age and older women with a higher risk

      At routine exams

      Sexually transmitted disease prevention

      Adults at a higher risk for infection

      At routine exams

      Tobacco use and tobacco-related disease

      All adults

      Every exam

      Immunization

      Who needs it

      How often

      Tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis (Td/Tdap) booster

      All adults

      Td: every 10 years

      Tdap: substitute a one-time dose of Tdap for a Td booster after age 18, then boost with Td every 10 years

      Chickenpox (varicella)

      All adults in this age group who have no record of previous infection or vaccinations

      2 doses; the second dose should be given at least 4 weeks after the first dose

      Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR)

      All adults in this age group who have no record of previous infection or vaccinations

      1 or 2 doses

      Flu vaccine (seasonal)

      All adults

      Yearly, when the vaccine becomes available in the community

      Hepatitis A vaccine

      People at risk4

      2 doses given 6 months apart

      Hepatitis B vaccine

      People at risk5

      3 doses; the second dose should be given 1 month after the first dose; the third dose should be given at least 2 months after the second dose (and at least 4 months after the first dose).

      Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB)

      People at risk

      1 to 3 doses

      Meningococcal

      People at risk**

      1 or 2 doses

      Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23)

      People at risk

      1 or 2 doses

      1 American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines

      2 American Cancer Society

      3 Recommendation from the American Academy of Ophthalmology

      4 For complete list, see the CDC website

      5 Exceptions may exist. Please talk with your healthcare provider.

      Other guidelines from the USPSTF

      Immunization schedule from the CDC

      Related Topics

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